Endocrinology and Metabolism

Original Articles

Clinical Study
Electrolyte Imbalance in Patients with Sheehan's Syndrome: Chur Hoan Lim, Ji Hyun Han, Joon Jin, Ji Eun Yu, Jin Ook Chung, Dong Hyeok Cho, Dong Jin Chung, Min Young Chung; Endocrinol Metab. 2015;30(4):502-508. Published online December 31, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2015.30.4.502

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Background

We investigated the prevalence of electrolyte imbalance and the relationship between serum electrolyte and anterior pituitary hormone levels in patients with Sheehan's syndrome.

Methods

In a retrospective study, we investigated 78 patients with Sheehan's syndrome. We also included 95 normal control subjects who underwent a combined anterior pituitary hormone stimulation test and showed normal hormonal responses.

Results

In patients with Sheehan's syndrome, the serum levels of sodium, potassium, ionized calcium, magnesium, and inorganic phosphate were significantly lower than those in control subjects. The prevalence of hyponatremia, hypokalemia, hypocalcemia, hypomagnesemia, and hypophosphatemia in patients with Sheehan's syndrome was 59.0% (n=46), 26.9% (n=21), 35.9% (n=28), 47.4% (n=37), and 23.1% (n=18), respectively. Levels of sodium and ionized calcium in serum were positively correlated with levels of all anterior pituitary hormones (all P<0.05). Levels of potassium in serum were positively correlated with adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) and growth hormone (GH) levels (all P<0.05). Levels of inorganic phosphate in serum were positively correlated with levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone, prolactin, and GH (all P<0.05), and levels of magnesium in serum were positively correlated with delta ACTH (P<0.01).

Conclusion

Electrolyte imbalance was common in patients with Sheehan's syndrome. Furthermore, the degree of anterior pituitary hormone deficiency relates to the degree of electrolyte disturbance in patients with this disease.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Myopathic syndrome revealing a rare condition: Sheehan syndrome, a case-based review
Elena Gradinaru, Catalin Furculescu, Andreea Trandafir, Daniela Opris-Belinski, Ioana Cristina Saulescu
Clinical Rheumatology.2023; 42(6): 1705. CrossRef
Partial Sheehan’s syndrome with abdominal tuberculosis presented with pancytopenia and fluctuating thyroid profile: a case report
Prashant Yadav, Md Anwarul Bari, Akash Saha, Sushmita Yadav, Amzad H. Khan
Annals of Medicine & Surgery.2023; 85(3): 548. CrossRef
Acute pituitary crisis after lumbar surgery: A case report
Hui Wang, Xingrui Gong
Medicine.2023; 102(48): e36294. CrossRef
Long-term hepatic and cardiac health in patients diagnosed with Sheehan’s syndrome
Liza Das, Jayaprakash Sahoo, Neelam Dahiya, Sunil Taneja, Sanjay Kumar Bhadada, Mohammad Hayat Bhat, Paramjeet Singh, Vanita Suri, Bashir Ahmad Laway, Pinaki Dutta
Pituitary.2022; 25(6): 971. CrossRef
Clinical, endocrine, metabolic profile, and bone health in Sheehan's syndrome
Soumita Mandal, Pradip Mukhopadhyay, Mainak Banerjee, Sujoy Ghosh
Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism.2020; 24(4): 338. CrossRef
A rare endocrine cause of electrical storm - a case report
Sunny D Shinde, Girish R Sabnis, Charan P Lanjewar, Prafulla G Kerkar
European Heart Journal - Case Reports.2017;[Epub] CrossRef
Sheehan syndrome
Züleyha Karaca, Bashir A. Laway, Hatice S. Dokmetas, Hulusi Atmaca, Fahrettin Kelestimur
Nature Reviews Disease Primers.2016;[Epub] CrossRef

Bone Metabolism
Efficacy of a Once-Monthly Pill Containing Ibandronate and Cholecalciferol on the Levels of 25-Hydroxyvitamin D and Bone Markers in Postmenopausal Women with Osteoporosis: In-Jin Cho, Ho-Yeon Chung, Sung-Woon Kim, Jae-Won Lee, Tae-Won Lee, Hye-Soon Kim, Sin-Gon Kim, Han Seok Choi, Sung-Hee Choi, Chan Soo Shin, Ki-Won Oh, Yong-Ki Min, Jung-Min Koh, Yumie Rhee, Dong-Won Byun, Yoon-Sok Chung, Jeong Hyun Park, Dong Jin Chung, Minho Shong, Eun-Gyoung Hong, Chang Beom Lee, Ki Hyun Baek, Moo-Il Kang; Endocrinol Metab. 2015;30(3):272-279. Published online December 9, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2015.30.3.272

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Abstract PDF PubReader

Background

The present study evaluated the efficacy of a combination of ibandronate and cholecalciferol on the restoration of the levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) and various bone markers in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis.

Methods

This was a randomized, double-blind, active-controlled, prospective 16-week clinical trial conducted in 20 different hospitals. A total of 201 postmenopausal women with osteoporosis were assigned randomly to one of two groups: the IBN group, which received a once-monthly pill containing 150 mg ibandronate (n=99), or the IBN+ group, which received a once-monthly pill containing 150 mg ibandronate and 24,000 IU cholecalciferol (n=102). Serum levels of 25(OH)D, parathyroid hormone (PTH), and various bone markers were assessed at baseline and at the end of a 16-week treatment period.

Results

After 16 weeks of treatment, the mean serum levels of 25(OH)D significantly increased from 21.0 to 25.3 ng/mL in the IBN+ group but significantly decreased from 20.6 to 17.4 ng/mL in the IBN group. Additionally, both groups exhibited significant increases in mean serum levels of PTH but significant decreases in serum levels of bone-specific alkaline phosphatase and C-telopeptide of type 1 collagen (CTX) at 16 weeks; no significant differences were observed between the groups. However, in subjects with a vitamin D deficiency, IBN+ treatment resulted in a significant decrease in serum CTX levels compared with IBN treatment.

Conclusion

The present findings demonstrate that a once-monthly pill containing ibandronate and cholecalciferol may be useful for the amelioration of vitamin D deficiency in patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis. Moreover, this treatment combination effectively decreased serum levels of resorption markers, especially in subjects with a vitamin D deficiency, over the 16-week treatment period.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Effect of vitamin D supplementation or fortification on bone turnover markers in women: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Nasrin Nasimi, Sanaz Jamshidi, Aida Askari, Nazanin Zolfaghari, Erfan Sadeghi, Mehran Nouri, Nick Bellissimo, Shiva Faghih
British Journal of Nutrition.2024; 131(9): 1473. CrossRef
Quality of life and patient satisfaction with raloxifene/cholecalciferol combination therapy in postmenopausal women
Dong-Yun Lee, Yoon-Sok Chung
Scientific Reports.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Efficacy of risedronate with cholecalciferol on bone mineral density in Korean patients with osteoporosis
So Young Park, Moo-Il Kang, Hyung Moo Park, Yumie Rhee, Seong Hwan Moon, Hyun Koo Yoon, Jung-Min Koh, Jae Suk Chang, In Joo Kim, Ye Yeon Won, Ye Soo Park, Hoon Choi, Chan Soo Shin, Taek Rim Yoon, Sung-Cheol Yun, Ho-Yeon Chung
Archives of Osteoporosis.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
Efficacy and safety of vitamin D3 B.O.N intramuscular injection in Korean adults with vitamin D deficiency
Han Seok Choi, Yoon-Sok Chung, Yong Jun Choi, Da Hea Seo, Sung-Kil Lim
Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia.2016; 2(4): 228. CrossRef
Pharmacologic treatment of osteoporosis
Yong-Ki Min
Journal of the Korean Medical Association.2016; 59(11): 847. CrossRef

Increased Carotid Intima-Media Thickness is Associated with Progression of Diabetic Nephropathy in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes.: Dong Hyeok Cho, Jin Ook Chung, Dong Jin Chung, Min Young Chung; Endocrinol Metab. 2011;26(4):310-316. Published online December 1, 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2011.26.4.310

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Abstract PDF

BACKGROUND
Cardiovascular risk is higher among people with diabetic nephropathy than among those with normal renal function. Carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) is an independent predictor of cardiovascular mortality in type 2 diabetic patients. However, the relationship between carotid IMT and diabetic nephropathy is not well known. The aim of our study was to elucidate whether carotid IMT is associated with progression of diabetic nephropathy in type 2 diabetic patients. METHODS: We recruited a total of 354 type 2 diabetic patients with diabetic nephropathy. Renal function was evaluated by serum creatinine levels, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and urinary albumin/creatinine ratio (ACR). Carotid IMT was assessed using B-mode ultrasound by measuring generally used parameters. Baseline-to-study end changes in eGFR were calculated, and the yearly change of eGFR (mL/min/yr) was computed. RESULTS: Age, diabetes duration, ACR, and eGFR were significantly correlated with mean or maximal carotid IMT; however, lipid profiles, HbA1c, and blood pressure were not correlated. The mean yearly eGFR change was -4.9 +/- 5.3 mL/min/yr. The yearly eGFR change was negatively correlated with mean and maximal carotid IMT. After adjusting for age and diabetes duration, the mean IMT is an independent predictor of yearly eGFR change. CONCLUSION: Carotid IMT may be a predictor of diabetic nephropathy progression in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Citations

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Cardiovascular disease and stroke risk assessment in patients with chronic kidney disease using integration of estimated glomerular filtration rate, ultrasonic image phenotypes, and artificial intelligence: a narrative review
Ankush D. JAMTHIKAR, Anudeep PUVVULA, Deep GUPTA, Amer M. JOHRI, Vijay NAMBI, Narendra N. KHANNA, Luca SABA, Sophie MAVROGENI, John R. LAIRD, Gyan PAREEK, Martin MINER, Petros P. SFIKAKIS, Athanasios PROTOGEROU, George D. KITAS, Andrew NICOLAIDES, Aditya
International Angiology.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Proteinuria as a significant predictive factor for the progression of carotid artery atherosclerosis in non-albuminuric type 2 diabetes
Young-eun Kim, Minyoung Lee, Yong-ho Lee, Eun Seok Kang, Bong-soo Cha, Byung-Wan Lee
Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice.2021; 181: 109082. CrossRef

Letter

Letter: Association of the Parathyroid Adenoma Volume and the Biochemical Parameters in Primary Hyperparathyroidism (Endocrinol Metab 26:62-66, 2011, Yul Hwang-Bo et al.).: Dong Jin Chung; Endocrinol Metab. 2011;26(2):185. Published online June 1, 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2011.26.2.185

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Abstract PDF

No abstract available.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Hepatic Dysfunction Caused by Consumption of a High-Fat Diet
Anthony R. Soltis, Norman J. Kennedy, Xiaofeng Xin, Feng Zhou, Scott B. Ficarro, Yoon Sing Yap, Bryan J. Matthews, Douglas A. Lauffenburger, Forest M. White, Jarrod A. Marto, Roger J. Davis, Ernest Fraenkel
SSRN Electronic Journal .2018;[Epub] CrossRef
Primary bilateral adrenal nodular disease with Cushing's syndrome: varying aetiology
Kush Dev Singh Jarial, Rama Walia, Uma Nahar, Anil Bhansali
BMJ Case Reports.2017; : bcr-2017-220154. CrossRef

Case Report

Spontaneous Hypoglycemia due to Insulin Antibody after Insulin Treatment of Diabetic Ketoacidosis.: Jin Ook Chung, Dong Hyeok Cho, Dong Jin Chung, Min Young Chung; Endocrinol Metab. 2010;25(3):217-220. Published online September 1, 2010; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2010.25.3.217

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Abstract PDF

Hypoglycemia in diabetic patients is usually caused by excessive exogenous insulin or the administration of an insulin secretagogue relative to the prevailing glucose concentration. Thus, the clinical manifestations of hypoglycemia are usually not observed in diabetic patients after either insulin or an oral hypoglycemic agent is discontinued. In contrast, diabetic ketoacidosis results from relative or absolute insulin deficiency. Although about 40% of diabetic patients who inject human insulin have insulin antibodies, these antibodies seldom significantly affect the glycemic control. It has not been reported in the literature that insulin antibody in the setting of human insulin therapy is associated with diabetic ketoacidosis and subsequent hypoglycemia. We describe here a rare case of spontaneous hypoglycemia due to insulin antibody after the improvement of diabetic ketoacidosis in a patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus and who had been treated with human insulin.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Type 1 diabetes complicated with cyclic vomiting syndrome and exogenous insulin antibody syndrome: A case report
Leiluo Geng, Xue Diao, Hao Han, Ying Lin, Wei Liang, Aimin Xu
Frontiers in Endocrinology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Insulin Glulisine May Cause a Disease Resembling Insulin Autoimmune Syndrome: Case Report
Maki Kawasaki, Yoichi Oikawa, Takeshi Katsuki, Yusuke Kabeya, Masuomi Tomita, Mari Okisugi, Akira Shimada
Diabetes Care.2013; 36(12): e195. CrossRef
Insulin Autoimmune Syndrome with Diabetic Ketoacidosis
Yeong Geol Jo, Young Il Kim, Su Jin Lee, Ki Won Kim, Sung Wan Chun, Yeo Joo Kim, Sang Jin Kim
Journal of Korean Diabetes.2012; 13(2): 105. CrossRef

Original Article

Determining the Factors that Influence the Insulin Requirements in Type 2 Diabetic Patients.: Jin Ook Chung, Dong Hyeok Cho, Dong Jin Chung, Min Young Chung; Endocrinol Metab. 2010;25(2):110-118. Published online June 1, 2010; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2010.25.2.110

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Abstract PDF

BACKGROUND
The initial insulin dose is often determined by clinical experience or with a formula using the body weight. However, it may be difficult to determine the initial insulin dose because various factors such as insulin sensitivity and the glycemic status can influence the insulin requirement. The purpose of this study was to assess the factors that influence the initial insulin requirement in insulin naive patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. METHODS: A total 128 patients who were admitted for glycemic control were investigated. The patients were managed with long-acting insulin glargine and rapid-acting insulin lispro. RESULTS: The basal insulin requirement was positively correlated with waist circumference, body mass index (BMI), the HbA1C, AST, ALT, fasting plasma glucose and 2-hour postprandial glucose levels and the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), but it was negatively correlated with age and the stimulated C-peptide level. The daily insulin requirement was positively correlated with waist circumference, BMI, the HbA1C, AST, ALT, triglyceride, fasting plasma glucose and 2-hour postprandial glucose level and HOMA-IR, but it was negatively correlated with age. On the multiple linear regression analysis, the basal insulin requirement was independently associated with BMI (beta = 0.507, p < 0.001), the 2-hour postprandial glucose level (beta = 0.307, p < 0.001), the ALT level (beta = 0.214, P = 0.015) and the meal-stimulated C-peptide level (beta = -0.209, P = 0.010). The daily insulin requirement was independently associated with BMI (beta = 0.508, p < 0.001) and the 2-hour postprandial glucose level (beta = 0.404, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Our results show that the BMI and 2-hour postprandial glucose level are useful predictors of the initial insulin requirement in insulin naive type 2 diabetic patients. It may be prudent to consider the other various factors that influence the insulin requirement together when insulin therapy is required.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Effects of Sunsik Prepared through Steaming-Drying Cycles on Blood Glucose and Inflammatory Marker in Rats Fed High Fat
Kyung-Hee Hwang
Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life.2015; 25(1): 111. CrossRef
The Effects of Chungkukjang Powder Supplements on the Regulation of Blood Glucose and Inflammation in Diabetic Rats
Kyung-Mi Yang
Korean journal of food and cookery science.2015; 31(2): 118. CrossRef

Case Report

Aortic Intramural Hematoma Associated with Primary Aldosteronism.: Jin Ook Chung, Dong Hyeok Cho, Dong Jin Chung, Min Young Chung; J Korean Endocr Soc. 2009;24(3):217-220. Published online September 1, 2009; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/jkes.2009.24.3.217

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Abstract PDF: Intramural hematoma of the aorta is a variant of aortic dissection characterized by the absence of direct communication between the false lumen and the true lumen of the aorta. Primary aldosteronism, which is an uncommon cause of hypertension, may direct alter arterial structure through the pleiotropic effects of aldosterone as well as pressure-mediated indirect alterations. There have been several reported cases of aortic dissection in patients with primary aldosteronism, which suggests a causal relationship between the two diagnostic entities. However, intramural hematoma has not been described in a patient with primary aldosteronism. We describe a case of aortic intramural hematoma in a patient with primary aldosteronism and speculate about the causal relationship between these two entities.

Original Article

Glucose Counterregulatory Hormone Response During Hypoglycemia due to Endogenous Hyperinsulinemia.: Jin Ook Chung, Dong Hyeok Cho, Dong Jin Chung, Min Young Chung; J Korean Endocr Soc. 2009;24(3):174-180. Published online September 1, 2009; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/jkes.2009.24.3.174

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Abstract PDF

BACKGROUND
In patients with hypoglycemia due to endogenous hyperinsulinemia such as insulinoma or insulin autoimmune syndrome, little is known about the counterregulatory hormone response to spontaneous hypoglycemia. We therefore compared hormone responses during spontaneous hypoglycemia due to endogenous hyperinsulinemia with those at the end of a 72-hour fast. METHODS: We measured glucagon, epinephrine, cortisol, and growth hormone responses during spontaneous hypoglycemia in 8 patients with insulinoma and 18 patients with insulin autoimmune syndrome. We also assessed these responses in 13 normal control subjects who underwent a 72-hour fast. RESULTS: In patients with insulinoma (median serum glucose level, 35.0 mg/dL), plasma glucagon levels (median, 42.9 vs. 76.2 pg/mL, respectively; P < 0.05) were lower than those in control subjects (serum glucose level, 62.5 mg/dL), whereas, there were no statistically significant differences in the other hormone responses between the two groups. In contrast, in the patients with insulin autoimmune syndrome (median serum glucose level, 34.5 mg/dL), plasma glucagon levels (median, 73.7 vs. 76.2 pg/mL, respectively) were lower than those in the control subjects, but there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups. There were no statistically significant differences in counterregulatory hormone responses during spontaneous hypoglycemia between patients with insulinoma and patients with insulin autoimmune syndrome. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that defective glucagon secretion in patients with insulinoma rather than insulin autoimmune syndrome may contribute to hypoglycemia in addition to hyperinsulinemia.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Glycogenic hepatopathy in a Korean girl with poorly controlled type 1 diabetes mellitus
Hwal Rim Jeong, Young Seok Shim, Young Bae Kim, Hae Sang Lee, Jin Soon Hwang
Annals of Pediatric Endocrinology & Metabolism.2014; 19(1): 49. CrossRef
Glucose Counterregulatory Hormone Response During Hypoglycemia due to Endogenous Hyperinsulinemia
Jung Guk Kim
Journal of Korean Endocrine Society.2009; 24(3): 162. CrossRef

Case Report

A Case of Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis in Association with Panhypopituitarism after Treatment of Craniopharyngioma.: Jin Ook Chung, Se In Hong, Dong Hyeok Cho, Dong Jin Chung, Min Young Chung; J Korean Endocr Soc. 2008;23(3):193-198. Published online June 1, 2008; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/jkes.2008.23.3.193

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Abstract PDF

Craniopharyngioma accounts for 2~5% of all primary intracranial neoplasms. It may present with a variety of manifestations including neurological, visual, and/or hypothalamic-pituitary dysfunction. Treatment options include radical surgery or radiotherapy, or a combination of these modalities. Craniopharyngioma ablation results in anterior and/or posterior pituitary hormone deficits. Slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE), in which the femoral head slips downward and backward on the femoral neck at the epiphyseal plate, most commonly occurs during the rapid growth phase of puberty. Its actual cause is unknown, but the clinical association between SCFE and endocrine disorders is well known. We report a case of an adult male patient who developed SCFE in association with panhypopituitarism after treatment of a craniopharyngioma.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

A Case of Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis in Association With Craniopharyngioma
Mehran Soleymanha, Ali Karimi, Seyed Mojtaba Mehrdad
Trauma Monthly.2015;[Epub] CrossRef
Panhypopituitarism due to craniopharyngioma with bilateral slipped capital femoral epiphysis
Sun Woo Kim, Young-Jin Song, Eun Jeong Choi, Dong Hee Han, Hyun Yon Jung, Sung Hoon Yu, Hyung Joon Yoo, Jae Myung Yu
Yeungnam University Journal of Medicine.2014; 31(1): 61. CrossRef

Editorial

Bone Forming Effect of PTH through Wnt/beta-catenin Signaling System.: Dong Jin Chung, Min Young Chung; J Korean Endocr Soc. 2007;22(6):407-410. Published online December 1, 2007; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/jkes.2007.22.6.407

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Abstract PDF: No abstract available.

Case Reports

A Case of Adrenal Angiomyolipoma.: Sung Kyun Kim, Woo Seok Lee, Gwi Hong Jeong, Hee Kyung Kim, Dae Sung Myung, Jin Ook Chung, Dong Jin Chung, Min Young Chung, Ho Cheol Kang; J Korean Endocr Soc. 2007;22(5):371-375. Published online October 1, 2007; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/jkes.2007.22.5.371

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Abstract PDF: An angiomyolipoma is a benign mesenchymal neoplasm that typically occurs in the kidney of patients with tuberous sclerosis. Extrarenal angiomyolipomas are uncommon, and the adrenal gland is an extremely rare site for the tumor. An incidental adrenal mass is the usual presentation of an adrenal angiomyolipoma, as most of the tumors are hormonally inactive. Recently we experienced one case of a right adrenal angiomyolipoma that presented with an adrenal incidentaloma. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of an adrenal angiomyolipoma described in the Korean medical literature. We report the case with a special emphasis on the differential imaging findings of fat-containing adrenal tumors.

A Case of Primary Hyperparathyroidism due to Cystic Parathyroid Adenoma Presenting as Hypercalcemic Crisis Associated with Intracranial Hemorrhage.: Jin Ook Chung, Gwi Hong Jeong, Se In Hong, Dong Hyeok Cho, Dong Jin Chung, Min Young Chung; J Korean Endocr Soc. 2007;22(4):292-298. Published online August 1, 2007; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/jkes.2007.22.4.292

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Abstract PDF

Most patients with hypercalcemia are asymptomatic or they have non-specific symptoms at diagnosis. Yet hypercalcemic crisis is a potentially fatal complication of hyperparathyroidism. Cystic parathyroid adenoma is a rare cause of primary hyperparathyroidism and hypercalcemic crisis. A 52-year-old woman was transferred to our hospital due to her relapsed drowsy mental state and renal insufficiency that occurred in course of her management for intracranial hemorrhage with manitol. The total serum calcium was 16.2 mg/dL and the intact parathyroid hormone was 546 pg/mL. Neck computed tomography showed a 3.1 x 1.8 cm sized cystic mass on the right thyroid lower pole. 99mTc-labelled sestamibi scintigraphy showed no significant uptake. In addition to prompt saline infusion and loop diuretics, the patient was given pamidronate to lower the serum calcium, and she was improved to an alert mental state with normal renal function. Surgical excision of the parathyroid cyst was performed. A histological examination confirmed a cystic parathyroid adenoma. The levels of plasma PTH and serum calcium were normalized after resection.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Can Biochemical Markers and Ultrasonographical Diameters Be Used to Predict Histopathological Diagnosis in Patients with Primary Hyperparathyroidism?
Ahmet Dirikoc, Husniye Baser, Burcak Polat, Cevdet Aydin, Aylin Kilic Yazgan, Mehmet Kilic, Didem Ozdemir, Bekir Cakir
Indian Journal of Surgery.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Preoperative Predictive Factors for Parathyroid Carcinoma in Patients with Primary Hyperparathyroidism
Jae Hyun Bae, Hyung Jin Choi, Yenna Lee, Min Kyong Moon, Young Joo Park, Chan Soo Shin, Do Jun Park, Hak Chul Jang, Seong Yeon Kim, Sang Wan Kim
Journal of Korean Medical Science.2012; 27(8): 890. CrossRef

A Case of Tracheal Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma Presenting with Diffuse Goiter.: Ho Cheol Kang, Seong Kyun Kim, Se Hoon Kang, Kyung Min Kim, Se In Hong, Dong Jin Chung, Min Young Chung, Joon Kyoo Lee, Sang Chul Lim, Jae Hyuk Lee; J Korean Endocr Soc. 2005;20(3):273-277. Published online June 1, 2005; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/jkes.2005.20.3.273

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Abstract PDF: A goiter is among the most common presenting symptoms of patients with thyroid diseases and is usually caused by intrinsic thyroid problems. While direct invasion of the trachea by aggressive thyroid tumors is a well-known phenomenon, the reverse situation, that is, a primary tracheal neoplasm invading by direct extension into the thyroid gland, presenting with a goiter is very rare. Here, a case of a tracheal adenoid cystic carcinoma(ACC), presenting with a diffuse goiter, is reported. A 47-year-old woman presented with slowly growing anterior neck swelling. A physical examination showed a diffuse firm goiter. The patient was euthyroiditic, and serum negative for thyroid autoantibodies. Thyroid ultrasonography and neck CT revealed a doughnut-shaped mass, encircling the trachea and displacing the thyroid anteriorly. Ultrasonography-guided fine needle aspiration(FNA) was compatible with an ACC, and a subsequent surgical resection confirmed the diagnosis. Although the occurrence of a tracheal ACC invading the thyroid is rare, this case highlights the need to be aware of unusual lesions arising in the region of the thyroid. This knowledge will help in making the correct cytological diagnosis when these lesions are sampled by FNA

Papillary Thyroid Cancer Arising in Lateral Aberrant Thyroid Presenting with Multiple Metastases.: Nam Il Cheon, Chang Hun Lee, Se In Hong, Jin Ook Chung, In Seok Yoon, Dong Hyeok Cho, Ho Cheol Kang, Dong Jin Chung, Min Young Chung; J Korean Endocr Soc. 2001;16(4-5):494-501. Published online October 1, 2001

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Abstract PDF: Carcinoma of the thyroid usually presents as a palpable thyroid mass. However, in rare cases patients with thyroid cancer present with metastases of the cervical lymph node as the initial manifestation. The metastatic papillary tumor in cervical lymph nodes stained positive for thyroglobulin indicates the presence of a thyroid carcinoma, usually in the ipsilateral lobe. We herein report a case of multiple metastases in papillary thyroid carcinoma arising in the lateral aberrant thyroid with no evidence of thyroid carcinoma in the thyroid lobe.

Original Article

Vitamin D Receptor Gene Polymorphisms and Bone Mineral Density in Korean Women.: Jae Hong Park, Dong Jin Chung, Jung MIn Kim, Ji Yeon Kim, Myung Soo Kim, Seung Won Yang, Min Young Chung, Tae Hee Lee, Jong Tae Park, Min Young Lee, Jae Hyuk Lee, Chan Choi; J Korean Endocr Soc. 1998;13(3):394-409. Published online January 1, 2001

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Abstract PDF: BACKGROUND
Bone mineral density(BMD) is thought to be under genetic control. Polymorphisms at the vitamin D receptor(VDR) gene have recently been shown to contribute to the genetic variability in bone mineral density in Caucasians. However, the relationship between VDR-RFLP(restriction fragment length polymorphisms) and bone mineral density is controversial. METHODS: The VDR-RFLP by BsmI, ApaI, and TaqI were studied in 250(77 premenopausal, 173 postmenopausal) Korean women. Bone mineral densities at the lumbar spine(L2-L4), femoral neck, greater trochanter, and Wards triangle were measured by DEXA(Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry; Lunar DPX-L, U.S.A.). RESULTS: There were significant differences in VDR gene allele frequency when compared with those in Caucasians. The BsmI polymorphism was consisted of 0.8% BB homozygotes, 12.4% Bb heterozygotes, and 86.8% bb homozygotes. The ApaI polymorphism was 6.8% AA homozygotes, 42.0% Aa heterozygotes, and 51.2% aa homozygotes, and the TaqI polymorphism was 83.2% TT homozygotes, 16.8% Tt heterozygotes, and 0% tt homozygotes. When these three VDR-RFLP were combined, bbaaTT(51.2%), bbAaTT(29.6%), and BbAaTt(10.0%) were found to be most frequent types. There were no significant relationship between VDR-RFLP and BMD measured at the 2nd to 4th lumbar spine in all subjects. But there were significant relationship between VDR-RFLP and BMD at the proxmial femur in all subjects. Compared with bb or bbaaTT(or bbAaTT), women with the Bb or BbAaTt genotypes had significantly lower bone mineral densities at the proximal femur in all subjects. When we restricted the analysis to early postmenopausal women less than 10 years since menopause, these findings were more pronounced. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that VDR-RFLP may affect on BMD at the proximal femur in Korean women. However, the frequencies of B, A, and t alleles are very low in Korean women compared to those of Caucasians, further studies will be needed, with larger sample sizes.

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